Аналіз енергетичної політики країн учасниць Міжнародного енергетичного агентства

Abstract

Для вирішення глобальних екологічних проблем, зниження геополітичної напруги, розши% рення ресурсного забезпечення енергетичної сфери та її інноваційного оновлення необхідно посилення міжнародної співпраці в енергетичній сфері. Міжнародне енергетичне агентство сприяє розвитку енергетичної політики як на національному, так і на міжнародному рівні. Ос% новною метою статті є дослідження особливостей енергетичної політики країн%учасниць Міжна% родного енергетичного агентства, аналіз основних показників реалізації енергетичної політи% ки цих країн, а також виокремлення перспективних напрямів сучасного енергетичного розвит% ку світу.

The world's current energy development is conditioned by global differences. Uneven allocation of energy resources leads to aggravating geopolitical confrontation and regional conflicts. Cumulating greenhouse gas emissions and global warming initiate a search for ways to prevent climate and environmental crisis. Ensuring economic growth requires additional secure energy resources. In this context of global development, the International Energy Agency serves as the main international forum for energy cooperation, which embraces diverse issues such as supply security, long%term policy, information transparence, energy efficiency, sustainability, research and development, collaboration in technology and international energy relations. The main aim of this investigation is to assess the energy policy adopted by the member countries of the International Energy Agency and to analyze the key indicators of implementing the energy policy in these countries. Also, this paper seeks to identify prospective areas of today's global energy development. The results of the study prove that for most countries, energy policy has become a strategic development priority. In accordance with the energy conditions that determine the country's development, a special institutional system is formed, the main functions of which encompass ensuring energy security, enhancing development of the energy sector and providing for the energy needs of the country's social and economic development. At the governmental level, a system of licensing activities within the energy sector is developed, protecting the competition on the country's energy market, regulating the pricing policy and revising the tariffs for energy resources.The International Energy Agency assists the member countries in devising energy security policies both at the global and national levels through strengthening international cooperation in the energy sector, sharing experience and technology, monitoring the environmental impact levels, and developing recommendations for abating hazardous impacts. All of the above boost's improvements in the energy policy at the national level, as well as contributes to the global sustainable energy development. The prospective areas of the global energy development have been defined as follows: use of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency and energy conservation, structuring efficient energy markets, diversifying energy sources and energy delivery, financing energy development and stimulating investment, enhancing reliability of energy networks and modernizing the infrastructure, bringing innovations into the country's energy system and its renovating, controlling import dependence and stimulating the energy independence, increasing national and global energy security, reducing pollution and preventing global climate change, digitalization of the energy sector. The results of the study can find further application in improving the countries' energy policy based on the progressive world experience that gas been described in this article.