Development and research of energy installations for sensor networks

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to develop the technological principles for creating an energy harvesting unit based on renewable energy sources (solar and wind) to power low-power wireless sensors for explosive and toxic gases operating within wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The relevance of the task is driven by the limited battery life in wireless sensors, especially when monitoring flammable gases which consume significant energy, and the difficulty of replacing power elements in large networks or hard-to-reach locations. The research focuses on analyzing the energy consumption of wireless sensor components, studying the potential of various renewable energy sources, developing a hybrid energy harvesting and storage system (wind + solar) using supercapacitors and a backup lithium element. Efficiency is enhanced by developing power management algorithms, including a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm for the solar panel