Розрахунок сил, що виникають при створенні вібрацій за допомогою smart piezoceramics, та дослідження їх розподілу у плужному відвалі

Abstract

Однією з головних проблем сільського господарства є складність та ефективність обробки землі. У статті на основі аналізу літературних джерел і наукових публікацій визначено недоліки класичних плугів та віброплугів, зокрема основні недоліки конструкції віброплуга на основі smart piezoceramics. Основною метою статті є розрахунок та визначення необхідної сили smart piezoceramics для створення вібрацій у плужному відвалі, а також проведення моделювання на основі проведених розрахунків.

The main purpose of this article is to calculate and determine the necessary force of smart piezoceramics to create vibrations in the plough dump and to perform simulations on the basis of the calculations. Agriculture is providing the population with food and raw materials for a number of industries. That is why this industry is one of the most important economic spheres present in almost all countries. One of the major problems of agriculture consists in the complexity and efficiency of land cultivation. By energy costs, ploughing is the most energy-intensive operation in technological process of growing crops. In known general purpose hinged ploughs, bolts are attached to the frame by the risers of the plow housings with the housing. During operation of the tiller unit, the traction resistance of the plough produces vibrations that increase the dynamic loads of the components and parts, which lead to their premature destruction. In addition, during oscillatory movements of the tiller unit, the tractor's efforts to move it increase, which leads to increased traction resistance. Improvement of some characteristics aggravates others, in this case when adding additional mechanical devices, their characteristics and disadvantages are placed on the soil tillage plough itself. Determination of the required force to create vibrations in the plough, as well as its own plough oscillations is considered. To determine the force generated, it is necessary to know the magnitude of the force, the oscillation frequencies that appear and act on the plough during ploughing. Thus, in the work, calculations have been carried out to determine the necessary generated force of smart piezoceramics to create vibrations in vibroplough, which is 3.2 kN. Based on the calculated data, we simulate the loading process in the SolidWorks software package. Results of the simulation of plough blade oscillation in SolidWorks software package at different frequencies to 107.88, 212.45, 583.48, 774.94, 874.62 Hz are shown. The maximum oscillation amplitude of the plough blade corresponds to a frequency of 36 Hz