Дослідження спадщини Б. О. Кістяківського на Заході наприкінці ХХ – на початку ХХІ століть

Abstract

Систематичне і ґрунтовне дослідження соціальної і правової філософії Б. О. Кістяківського починається лише в кінці ХХ ст. Більшість дослідників виявляють у нього неокантіанське нормативно-ціннісне бачення соціальної реальності, розрізнення за методами наук про природу і наук про культуру, принцип методологічного плюралізму, ідеї прав людини, правової держави, етичного соціалізму, поєднання прихильності до лібералізму з симпатіями до соціалістичного ідеалу.

We can conclude the great interest that is caused by the works of the philosopher during his lifetime in scientific circles of Russia, Ukraine and Germany. This interest fell at 20-60th in the XX century. Gradually increased attention to research works of B. Kistiakivsky's began in the 70-80-ies of the XX century. Intensive research of the heritage of Ukrainian philosopher and recognition of the relevance of his ideas starts with the 90-ies of the XX century. Reviews of B. O. Kistyakivsky for his life, mentioned in the literature to the 90-ies of the XX century,didn’tt mean a deep and meaningful analysis of the works of the philosopher. Systematic and substantial research of B. Kistiakivsky's social and legal philosophy only began at the end of the XX century. It demonstrates that B. O. Kistiakivsky’s methodology of social cognition was based on neo-Kantian philosophy having original features as well. It is ascertained that B. O. Kistiakivsky distinguished two ways of social cognition: socio-philosophical study of social norms and socio-scientific study of necessary causal dependences. The elements of his methodology are united in the principle of methodological pluralism. B. O. Kistiakivsky’s theoretical model of society is depicted in the dissertation. This model is based on the interaction of two factors: causal dependences and normative conditionality of human life. It is demonstrated that the relation between these two factors was considered by the philosopher to be the relation of the means and the aim. The conclusion is made that B. O. Kistiakivsky acknowledged historical progress, which he found in the gradual realization of norms and values. The analysis of B. O. Kistiakivsky’s normative ideas is carried out: the ideas of the legal state of society, of the ethical socialism and of the free development of national culture