Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://er.chdtu.edu.ua/handle/ChSTU/8354
Title: Дослідження пристрою маршрутизації польоту безпілотних літальних апаратів
Authors: Гальченко, Володимир Якович
Бедь, Едуард Дмитрович
Keywords: легкий безпілотний літальний апарат;автоматична маршрутизація;передпольотне планування;оптимізація траєкторії польоту;вітрове навантаження;програмно-алгоритмічне забезпечення
Issue Date: 15-Dec-2025
Abstract: У роботі розробляється методика оптимального передпольотного планування маршруту для легкого безпілотного літального апарата з урахуванням тактико-технічних обмежень носія та впливу вітрового навантаження.
The work develops a method for optimal pre-flight route planning for a light unmanned aerial vehicle, taking into account the vehicle’s tactical and technical limitations as well as the influence of wind load.
URI: https://er.chdtu.edu.ua/handle/ChSTU/8354
Appears in Collections:174 Автоматизація, комп'ютерно-інтегровані технології та робототехніка (Робототехнічні системи та автоматизація)

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2.3.        
  
 
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  [7, 34, 35, 59, 73],     
   ,       , 
      .  [55],  
 ,   NP- ,    
. 
  [45] ,     (2.4) 
       10-11     
   , , ,   '   
..  '       (2.4),  
   .       2.6.,  1 
-    (2.2)  (2.3)   , 2 -  
  (2.4)   . 
 
.2.6.       
 
 
35 
 
         
  (2.4)       
 [23].       ,   
        
,       (2.4).   ,  
   ,        
 ' . , ,     n   '  
  k,  (2  k  n - 2),  '     il, i2,. . . , Ik  
 .  S -     .   
      
x ≤ k −1
                                          ij
i S                                                                (2.5) 
∈
j∈S
i≠ j
 (2.5) ,   k ,    ,  
       k - 1 .     
.        . 
       . 
,    ,  ,      
,     [24]. 
       4 , 
     2.3.     1  2  1  
  ; 
x12 + x21 ≤ 1 
     3  4  3    : 
x34 + x43 ≤1  
          
       ,     . 
,          2.7. 
 
 
 
36 
 
 
                                                1  2 
. 2.7.     
 
, '   -    
     ,    
  . 
         
        
.     '     , 
 n = 7.          
 10 × 10 .       2.3.  
        19,44 / ,   
 -    9,72 / .    
          
 . 
 2.3.  
     n = 7 
 
  , ,   '       
 ,    ,  
'    Intel (R) i3-4160 CPU @ 3.60GHz   '  
 
 
37 
 
 16,00 . 
 ,       .  
     s = 1,       f = 2. 
          2.8. 
 
. 2.8.         (n = 7) 
 
 
        
: 1  7  4  6  3  5  2.      
  1682 ,      0,06 . 
       2.9. 
 
. 2.9.     ,    
     n = 7  
 
         s = 1,   
  .        
 
 
38 
 
 -     .      
  (n - 1)      
( )   .        
 ,      2.1.    
    2.10      
    
 
. 2.10.        
  (      1) 
 
  2.10. ,         
 4.     : 1  6  3  5  2  7 
 4     2.11.       
     ,     
  0,24 .  
 ,       f = 1,  
  .       
 .       
      ,     
2.12.   2.12.          3  
   : 3  5  2  7  4  6  1.   
       ' -  ,   
 
 
39 
 
  0,62 .     
  2.13. 
 
. 2.11.     ,    
 ,     
. 2.12.         
     f = 1 
 
. 2.13.     ,   
  ,     
 
 
40 
 
     ,     
     .     
  (n - 1) 2       
      .   
    : 3  5  2  1  6  7  4. 
        1116 ,   
  1,69 .      
 2.14. 
 
. 2.14.     ,    
    
 
 
2.4.       
         
 
      
     100 ,    
    30 × 30 .     
  2.4.       19,44 / ,  
 -   – 9,72 / .      
          . 
 ,       . 
 
 
41 
 
      s = 50,      
 f = 90. 
 2.4.  
     n = 100  
 
 
 
42 
 
  2.4.  
 
           
  2.15. 
 2.15         n = 
100  
 
        
: 
 
 
43 
 
 
 
 
   50  29  48 80  78 93  98  94 97  31  
95  36  89 15  71 22  88  69 20  18  
16  67  28 5  79 64  58  57 19  10  
2  99  63 4  25 46  66  45 39  56  
65  83  9 6  30 68  38  59 86  92  
42  34  43 11  52 54  27  51 32  76  
74  35  77 40  24 49  60  82 81  7  
44  70  96 47  62 87  8  14 85  37  
41  73  53 33  91 23  72  1 17  21  
61  100  55 84  3 13  26  12 75  90 
 
      2.16.  
     15510 ,      
2,34 . 
 
. 2.16.   ,     
  ,  n = 100  
 
 
44 
 
 
         s = 1,    
     .     
,      2.4. 
       .: 
 
1  17  21 61  55 100  72  23  91  33  
53  73  41 37  85 14  8  87  62  47  
60  49  24 82  81 7  44  70  96  58  
57  19  10 2  99 63  4  25  64  79  
5  28  67 15  89 36  95  31  97  94  
98  93  78 80  48 50  29  22  88  71  
69  20  18 16  46 66  45  39  56  65  
83  9  6 30  68 38  59  86  92  42  
34  43  11 52  54 27  51  32  76  74  
35  77  40 84  3 13  26  12  75  90 
 
        90.  
    2.17. 
. 2.17.     ,   
  ,     (n = 100) 
 
 
45 
 
       16035 ,  
     675 . 
 ,       f = 100, 
     .     
   .    : 
50  29  48 80  78 93 98  94 97  31  
37  41  73 53  91 33 85  14 8  87  
62  47  60 49  24 82 81  7 44  70  
96  58  57 19  10 2 99  63 4  25  
64  79  5 28  67 36 95  89 15  71  
22  88  69 20  18 16 46  66 45  39  
56  65  83 9  6 30 68  38 59  86  
92  43  11 52  90 75 12  26 51  27  
54  34  42 32  76 74 35  77 40  13  
3  84  55 61  21 17 1  23 72  100 
      2.18. 
       16310 ,  
   566 . 
2.18.     ,   
  ,     (n = 100) 
 
 
46 
 
     ,     
     .     
  (n - 1)2       
     .   
  :     50    
 90.       2.16. 
 
 
2.5       
     
 
  [58, 59]       '  
        
.          
         . 
, ,     ,   '  
,          -  
  ,     .  ,    
          
     "  ". ,   -  
          
  . , ,  ,    
           ,  
           
    . 
  ,       
      .   
      «  ».  
         . 
 [33]  ,   [34]    
 
 
47 
 
        
      ,  
  «    –   »(  2.19). 
         
 . 
,          
 [0; VBo],      (3    [-180; 
180].          
'             0 
  180 ,         0  -180 
.           
  2.19. V  
  180  
 
2.19.         
 
   ,      
« »         
.        
   ’  . 
        (n = 10). 
 
 
48 
 
     , '      1  
   10  .      
   .    
   18  / ,      [0; 10]  / ,  
        [-180; 180] . 
        2.20. 
 
. 2.20.     (n =10) 
 
      2.5. 
 2.5.  
    n = 10 
 
 
         
2.21.      ,     
 ,          
  (   ) . 
 
 
49 
 
 
 
 
. 2.21.        
        
 
  2.22.       
      [0; 10]  /       
 [-180; 180] . 
. 2.22.       
    0  10 /       -180  180 
 
 
  2.21  ,     ,    
        
 
 
50 
 
  .     « »,   
          
 .     « » .   
         
    .     
 2.23. 
 
. 2.23.        
        
 
. 2.24.        
    [0; 10] /        [-180; 
180]  
 
  2.21.   2.23.       
 
 
51 
 
         .  
         
 .        n = 30. 
         '  
    .       18 
 / ,     [0; 6]  / ,       
 [-180; 180] ,     s = 1,     
f = 30.       2.25. 
 
. 2.25.     n = 30 
 
      2.6.  
. 2.6.  
     n =30 
 
 
52 
 
         2.26 
 
 
. 2.26.         
    
 
        
        ,   
  2.27 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
. 2.27.         
       
 
 
  ( ) 
53 
 
  2.26. ,         
    «  »,     
     .  ,    
   «  »      
  . 
 
   2 
 
1.         
      ,   
        
  « »  « ». 
2.       
    ,      
    ,  '    
  « ».     
       100 
. 
3. ,        
  ,   . ,   
         « » 
. 
 
 
54 
 
 3 
     
       
     
 
        
      ,  
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   ( ) ,     . 
    ,     
     ,    . 
   '     , 
'       .    
,    ,    
      .. 
,   ' ,     
  ,      .   
       -
 ' .       
        , 
   .       '  
'       . 
 
3.1.       
         
 
    [7, 34, 35, 58, 59]    
        [5, 18]. 
     ’    
 
 
55 
 
  ,       
   .      
     , 
         
. ,        
  ,    « »    
. 
,     ,   
        ,    
.      :  
     ,     
 . 
,         
       ,  
    .      
       ,   
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  . 
       
       
 ,         
  [66, 76],       
.       '   
    .   
         
. 
     :   
     ,   ,   
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  .      
 
 
56 
 
     ,   
: -        ,  
    (" "). 
 ,      . 
  :       
   .   : 
•    ( / ); 
•    ; 
•    . 
   ,     
 . 
      3.1.   
    '      Oxy.  
         
,      ( )   
  . 
 
. 3.1.   ,   '  
 
 
      
        
   
 
 
57 
 
         
  ,      . 
       
,       
       .   
 n ,           n.   
 n(n-1)    x { , 1}, (i, j =1, n; i  j).  x  
= 1,      ,    i  
   j.  ,x-ij. = ,      ,  
     i     j  .. 
,   ,    
                     3.1   
 
        : 
                            3.2  
 
      .       
 i     j   ,   [35]. 
,            
  . 
       . 
 
 
 
58 
 
 
 (3.2) – (3.7)      
    .  (3.3)  (3.4)   
,            ,  
     .  (3.5)  (3.6)  ,   s  
    .     -    
       ,    
    ,     -   . 
 (3.7)  ' ,    , 
 .     
      x 1, n  
 
         
n(n 1)  , x-ij. {0, 1}, (i, j = 1,n; i  j)   (3.1)  
  (3.2) - (3.7),  ,      
.         
 . 
 
   '      
        . 
      
  ,    '     
   (NP-hard).    '  
     .     
 
 
59 
 
  ,      
    (cut constraints),   
  .        
       ’ ,  
 . 
 ,       
      .  
  ,     (     '   ) 
       ,   
  .     
:        , 
        (« – »). 
       
 10 ,     ,    10 × 10 
,        
 .      ,  '  
  ,    3.1.     -   
    s = 1.       
 18,05 / ,    -    9,72 / . 
 3.1. 
    (n = 10) 
 
    ,      
        
       3.2.     
     T   . 
 
 
60 
 
    3.2      2500 , 
  ,  '    .     
   2200 ,  ,  '   ,  
.     « ».   
     « »     
 . 
 ,    ,     , 
      ,    
         
,    . ,     
   1700 ,  ,    , 
   ,     ,     
  .  ,         
         . 
 
. 3.2.        
   
  ,      
  . ,     ,  
 
 
61 
 
    1800 ,   n * = 7  
   (  3.3). 
  ,      
  . ,   ,     
   1800 ,   n* = 7    
 (  3.3). 
 
. 3.3.  ,      n*=7, 
    T . = 1800 . 
 
            3.2. 
 3.2. 
 ,      n*=7,  
   T . = 1800 . 
  .   ( ) 
1 1-9-7-5-6-3-10-1 1729 
2 1-9-8-7-6-3-10-1 1735 
3 1-2-9-7-6-3-10-1 1785 
4 1-10-3-5-8-7-9-1 1793 
5 1-10-3-6-8-7-9-1 1732 
 
    '       
,     3.4.. 
 
 
62 
 
 
 
   ( ) 
 
. 3.4.  ,      
n*=7,     T .=1800  
 
   ,    T     
    ,     . 
         
       n*(T .),  
  3.5.      ,   
  ,       
         
n *,   '       
 .         n 
*    3.5. 
         
      ,     
 .      .   
 ,      ,     
.       '  
   ,   n*,  
    .. 
 
 
   
63 
 
 
 2460 
 2105 
 1849 
1729 
 
1461 
 
1205 
 
782 
 
573 
 
 
    ( ) 
 
. 3.5.       
      . 
 
    
        
   n*   n .     
    ,    
 min j                                        3.8   
 
   xij  {0, 1}, (i, j =1,  ; i  j)   
 n                                                            3.9   
 
 
 
n *
64 
 
 
 (3.9)      n * .  
 (3.10) – (3.14)    (3.3) – (3.7). 
 
'        
 '      '  
   .     '  
    ,       
. ,    '   ,  
  '       
    .   3.6   
    ,   $1800$ .   
  '       
. 
 
 
65 
 
T=1729 . 
. 3.6    T . = 1800  
 
       
      
      
     50 ,   
   30 × 30 .      
3.3.     -       s = 1.  
     18,05  / ,      
-    9,72  / .    T  = 10300 . 
 3.3.  
     n = 50 
 
 
 
 
 
66 
 
 
      3.7. 
. 3.7.      n = 50 
 
         
        n * (T .), 
    3.8. 
 
 
67 
 
 
. 3.8.       
          
n = 50. 
 
        
    3.4.     3.9.   
 '  44 ,    n* = 44.    
    3.10.  ,       
  1,    44   50  10212 .   
       (3.8) - (3.14)  n*= 44. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
. 3.9.  ,      n* = 
44,     T . = 10300 . 
 
 
68 
 
 3.4.  
 ,      n* = 44,  
   T . = 10300 . 
 ,      n* .  
= 44,     T . = 10300 .  ( ) 
1 1-41-23-25-24-36-5-30-15-19-39-34-46-22-40-27-49-33-2- 10212 
21-26-32- 
29-6-42-18-45-28-10-48-37-17-47-31-12-3-16-44-7-50-13-9-
4-14-1 
2 1-4-9-13-50-7-44-16-3-12-31-47-17-37-48-10-28-45-18-42- 10265 
6-29-32- 
26-21-2-33-49-27-40-22-46-34-39-19-15-30-5-36-24-25-23-
41-14-1 
3 1-14-4-9-13-7-50-44-16-3-12-31-47-17-37-48-10-28-45-18- 10295 
42-6-29- 
32-26-21-2-33-49-27-40-22-46-34-39-19-15-30-5-36-24-25-
23-41-1 
 
 
. 3.10.  ,      
n*= 44,     T .= 10300 . 
 
 
 
 
 
69 
 
3.2       
        
 
 
          
 .   ,    '  ,   
       .    
  '      
          
.     ,    
       .  
         . 
 ,       
,        ,   
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 . 
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      .     
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,           
 
 
70 
 
     . 
 
      
        
       ,    
 ,     ,    
   .  ,    
  , .       . 
    ,     , . 
       .   
     .   
     ,    
. 
   ,   [36],   , 
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      ' .  
    '       
         
  '      . 
         .  
  .  '     
,        
  . 
 
      
       
    
   ,    , 
  [37].  ,       , 
      n .    
 
 
71 
 
    X.     
  .. 
 
 ,x-ij.  1,     j     
   i;    ,x-ij.=0. 
        
 ,    ..    
      .    
        
. 
    max; X                                   3.15  
 pj  ,        
 j   . 
    t x  , x  .                                            3. 16  
 T  -     ; tij -   
   i   j       . 
          
    [35]. 
          
 : 
1, .                                             3.17   
1 , .                                               3.18  
 
 
72 
 
 
 (3.17)  (3.18)   ,      
       .  (3.19)  (3.20) 
,      s      f 
'      .. 
 (3.21)  ' ,     
.    (3.15) - (3.21),  ,  
    ,   ,  
      , 
'         . 
   ,   ,      
 .    ,   
   . 
 
       
          
  
         30 × 30 
.     30 ' ,       
'    ,    3. 5.      
 s = 1,        f = 30.  ,  
   ' ,       3. 5. 
       19, 44  / ,  
 -    5, 55  / .  ,   
 
 
73 
 
    ,  
 1 
 
 3.5.  
   (n = 30)       
 
 
 
 
74 
 
     3.11. 
. 3.11.      n = 30  
 
     T . = 5930 .   
    7, 3     ,  
  1-10-11-22-9-18-4- 23-15-29-8-27-25-12-3-26-19-24-14-5-17-21-
20-16-13-30,    26 .      
  5928, 4 .    P * = 0, 92. 
          
         
    .    
   ,     [0; 6889, 1] c,  
        
(  3. 12).   ,       
.      6889, 1 .   
    1.     
   '  , 8 .    ,  
    0, 03.     
      . 
 
 
75 
 
 
. 3.12.      
   
 
  P (T .)     
,          
 . 
    T . = 5930 .    
     . ,   
   .        3. 6. 
  ,   ,    , 
      ,      
   . 
 ,      '  
   .     '  
         '   
    [36].   ,    
   ,     '  
    . 
    ,   ' ,    
,      ,    , 
  .  ,     
 
 
76 
 
'        .  
   ,     
 3. 6.  
    P  = 0,92; . = 5930 . 
 .  .  
 
 ( ) 
1-10-11-22-9-18-4-23-15-29-8-27-25-12-3-26- 26 5928,4 
1 
19-24-14-5-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-11-22-9-18-23-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12- 28 5833,7 
2 
3-26-19-24-14-5-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-4-18-22-9-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12-3-26- 27 5866,3 
3 
19-24-14-5-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-11-22-9-18-23-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12- 28 5838,0 
4 
3-26-19-24-14-5-17-20-21-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-22-9-23-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12- 28 5815,7 
5 
3-26-19-24-14-5-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-4-18-22-9-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12-3-26- 27 5870,6 
6 
19-24-14-5-17-20-21-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-22-9-23-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12- 28 5820,0 
7 
3-26-19-24-14-5-17-20-21-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-4-23-9-15-29-8-28-7-27-25-12-3- 27 5926,5 
8 
26-19-24-14-5-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-23-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12-3-26- 28 5927,6 
9 
9-22-14-5-24-19-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-22-9-23-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12- 28 5926,4 
10 
3-26-24-14-5-19-17-20-21-16-13-30 
1-10-11-22-9-18-23-15-29-8-28-6-7-27-25-12- 28 5927,3 
11 
3-26-19-24-14-5-17-21-20-16-13-30 
 
 
 
 
77 
 
 
 
  3.6 
1-10-11-18-22-9-23-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12- 28 5922,1 
12 
3-26-24-14-5-19-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-4-18-9-22-14-5-24-19-26-3-15-29-8-28-7- 27 5928,1 
13 
6-27-25-12-20-17-21-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-23-9-22-26-3-15-29-8-28-7-6-27- 28 5924,0 
14 
25-12-19-24-14-5-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-4-18-22-9-26-3-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12- 27 5910,3 
15 
19-24-14-5-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-22-9-23-15-29-8-28-6-7-27-25-12- 28 5909,3 
16 
3-26-19-24-14-5-17-21-20-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-23-9-22-26-3-15-29-8-28-7-6-27- 28 5928,3 
17 
25-12-19-24-14-5-17-20-21-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-23-9-22-14-5-24-19-26-3-15-29-8- 28 5917,2 
18 
28-7-6-27-25-12-20-17-21-16-13-30 
1-10-11-18-22-9-23-15-29-8-28-6-7-27-25-12- 28 5913,6 
19 
3-26-19-24-14-5-17-20-21-16-13-30 
1-10-4-18-22-9-26-3-15-29-8-28-7-6-27-25-12- 27 5914,7 
20 
19-24-14-5-17-20-21-16-13-30 
 
   3 
 
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78 
 
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4.1    -  
 
 
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80 
 
          
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81 
 
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82 
 
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118  120  43  112  27  114  26  38  52  5  
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153  97  25  136  146  51  141  164  89  131  
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147  129  88  3  64  110  162  30  31  158  
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63  109  115  122  4  32  108  12  156  127  
100  46  124  134  148  116  10  72  103  41  
126  56  17  153  97  25  136  146  51  141  
164  89  131  140  150  125  18  119  118  54  
91  96  80  24  53  143  29  34  163  36  
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155  144  85  59  86  101  1  28  145  87  
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78  157  48  76  39  73  117  49  40  47  
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