Залежність частоти коливань від геометричних параметрів п’єзокерамічного актуатора для малогабаритних літальних апаратів

Abstract

Робота знайшла своє застосування при конструюванні малогабаритних літальних апаратів, де як рушійну силу використовують п’єзокерамічні пластини. При конструюванні малогабаритних апаратів на основі п’єзокераміки є вкрай важливим вплив співвідношення довжини та ширини п’єзокерамічної пластини на її резонансну частоту. В результаті досліджень отримано математичні залежності для прогнозування частоти коливань залежно від геометричних розмірів п’єзоелектричної пластини. Адекватність отриманих чисельних розрахунків підтверджено експериментальними дослідженнями.

In the article the attention is paid to the peculiarities of the construction of small-sized aircraft flying into the air with the help of wings based on the bionic principle – copying movements birds or insects. Micro devices of such size and type have a wide range of applications and a number of tasks set before them, such as: pollination of crops, search and rescue operations, observation, as well as monitoring of weather, climate and environment with high resolution. The work has found its application in the design of small-sized aircraft, where piezoceramic plates are used as a driving force. The piezoceramics becomes much more relevant than that of an electric motor, since with the reduced design of a small-sized flying machine built on the basis of an electric motor, it will have to reduce the electromagnetic engine itself, that will lead to a loss in the efficiency factor of the engine and the aircraft in general. The piezoceramic engine is capable of converting electric energy into a mechanical one with a very high operating coefficient, which in some cases amounts to more than ninety percents. In addition, the use of piezoactuators has a number of advantages: operating speed, the development of large forces, the absence of a magnetic field, low energy consumption, no tendency to wear, the ability to work in extreme conditions. When constructing small-sized devices based on piezoceramics, the ratio of the length and width of the piezoceramic plate to its resonant frequency is extremely important. As a result of the research, mathematical dependences have been obtained for predicting the oscillation frequency, depending on geometric dimensions of the piezoelectric plate. The adequacy of the obtained numerical calculations is confirmed by experimental studies