Роль креативних індустрій у контексті інноваційного розвитку України

Abstract

У статті досліджено роль креативних індустрій у контексті інноваційного розвитку економіки України. Доведено, що креативність є ключовим чинником інноваційного розвитку економіки та суспільства в цілому. Креативнa економіка охоплює усі галузі, які ґрунтуються на творчій активності. У розвинених країнах значення креативних індустрій постійно зростає. Вони є не лише прибутковим сектором економіки, а й стратегічним напрямом підвищення конкурентоспроможності, продуктивності, зайнятості та стійкого економічного зростання. Розвиток креативних індустрій здатний привести до утворення позитивного зовнішнього ефекту і через його поширення забезпечити високий рівень інноваційності та конкурентоспроможності в інших секторах економіки. Використання потенціалу креативних індустрій сприятиме інноваційному розвитку економіки і швидкому повоєнному відновленню країни. Визначено місце України за рівнем інноваційного розвитку. Проаналізовано показники діяльності креативних індустрій України.Визначено основні проблеми, які гальмують розвиток креативних індустрій в Україні. Запропоновано напрями розвитку креативної економіки та креативних індустрій в Україні.

The purpose of the article is: to explore creativity as a key factor in the development of the economy and society. Let’s consider the creative economy as an interaction of human creative potential, ideas, intellectual property, knowledge, technologies; to prove that the development of creative industries in the country leads to the formation of a positive external effect and is able to ensure a high level of innovation and competitiveness in other sectors of the economy; to explore the role of creative industries as a basis for creating innovations; to prove that creative industries contribute to the introduction of new ideas and technologies in other sectors of the economy, increase their productivity and competitiveness. The article proves that the use of the potential of creative industries can contribute to the sustainable development of the economy and the rapid post-war recovery of Ukraine. The main directions of development of the creative economy and creative industries in Ukraine are suggested. Methodology. The top 10 leaders of the global economy of innovative potential in 2022 according to The Global Innovation Index have been determined. The top 10 world leaders in terms of "Creative output" in 2022 according to The Global Innovation Index have been determined. The ranking of Ukraine in terms of innovative potential and creative activity has been determined. The analysis of indicators of the creative industry in Ukraine is carried out. Results. The creative economy must be considered as a new growth model. The development of the creative economy is a strategic goal of Ukraine. It can play an important role in the post-war recovery of the economy through the stimulation of innovation, the development of entrepreneurship, digitalization, creative class, the development of education, science, culture, and infrastructure. The post-war reconstruction of Ukraine creates opportunities for the formation of an effective state strategy for the development of the creative economy. Creative industries exert a direct and indirect influence on the development of the economy. The direct influence of creative industries can be carried out through the transfer of innovative ideas to other sectors of the economy, and the indirect one – through their multiplicative influence. The development of creative industries leads to the formation of a positive external effect and to an increase in the level of innovation and competitiveness in other sectors of the economy. Practical implications. The directions of the development of the creative economy and creative industries in Ukraine, developed by the authors, can have practical application. The main directions of the development of the creative economy and creative industries in Ukraine are the following: implementation of changes in the legislation on the support of creative entrepreneurship, financing and insurance of creative activities; creation of infrastructure and necessary institutions for the transformation of a creative product into economic value, improvement of tax legislation through fiscal stimulation of production recovery and further development of entrepreneurship; protection of intellectual property rights of developers of creative products; improvement of education in the field of creative industries; establishment of new connections, partnerships, exchange programs with foreign universities, participation in grant programs; development of small and medium-sized businesses; creation of centers for creative economy development (centers, hubs, platforms, agencies, networks), which will increase the investment attractiveness of regions; development of cooperation with local authorities and territorial communities to solve local problems of an economic, social, ecological, cultural nature and improve the image of the territories. Value/originality. Creativity is a key factor in the development of the economy and society. The concept of "creative economy" is defined. The article presents the dynamics of the gross added value of creative industries and the level of employment in Ukraine during 2013-2020. The basic problems faced by the creative sector of the economy of Ukraine are characterized, the main directions of the development of the creative economy and creative industries in Ukraine are proposed.